WEBVTT

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The next example I would like to show is 

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Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwyneth

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The fortified complexes of Conwy.

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The site is located in the former principality of Gwyneth, in north Wales. 

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These extremely well-preserved monuments are examples of 

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the colonization and defence works carried out 

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throughout the reign of Edward I (1272–1307) 

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and the military architecture of the time.

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And you can see that, the Castles is based on the Criterion three. 

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The royal castles of the ancient principality of Gwyneth 

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bear a unique testimony to construction in the Middle Ages

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in so far as this royal commission is fully documented. 

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The accounts by Taylor in Colvin (ed.), 

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The History of the King’s Works, London (1963),

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specify the origin of the workmen, 

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who were brought in from all regions of England, 

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and describe the use of quarried stone on the site. 

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They outline financing of the construction works 

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and provide an understanding of the daily life of the workmen 

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and population and thus constitute one of 

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the major references of medieval history.

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And this site also, based on the Criterion (i), 

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link to the period section I talk about.

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The Conwy represents a unique achievement 

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in that they combine the double-wall concentric structure 

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which is characteristic of late 13th century military architecture with 

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a highly concerted central plan and in terms of the beauty 

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of their proportions and masonry.

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These are masterpieces of James of St George who, 

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in addition to being the king’s chief architect from 1290 to 1293.

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So the following part I were going to talk about the Criterion(iv) is 

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be an outstanding example of a type of building, 

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architectural or technological ensemble or landscape 

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which illustrates (a) significant stage(s)in human history .

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The Criterion (iv). This criterion relates to the outstanding nature of 

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the typology of a property, nominated in the context of 

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the defined typology illustrating one or more significant stages in history.

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The essence of this criterion is that the property must in some way 

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demonstrate that it is associated with a defining moment or moments

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or significant stage(s) in human history. 

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And the property may have been prompted by that moment, or may reflect its impact.

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The historical moment needs to be deemed to 

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be of outstanding importance, as do its repercussions.

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The stages may relate to political or economic history, 

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or equally to artistic or scientific history, 

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which had far-reaching consequences.

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So the property must illustrate a significant stage 

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in human history, in an outstanding way. 

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Such a stage needs to be assessed in a regional and global context, 

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and the stage must be important in that context. 

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An important stage in just the history of 

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one country is insufficient unless there is a substantial regional or global impact. 

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There is also a time dimension to a stage.

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A stage should be defined in terms of cultural history 

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and the patterns of continuity and change in that history. 

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Artificial time periods (e.g. 18th century) are not, 

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in themselves, a satisfying definition.

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A meaningful time period should be a defined period 

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which is important and recognized within a cultural context.

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So the criterion should thus be used in relation to 

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significant ’prototypes’ or strongly representative examples

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of a defined type of property.

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This criterion is not meant to encourage or allow the inscription of 

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an example of every type of building, ensemble 

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or landscape in the world – even if it is an outstanding example.

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The Christian city was built on top of the ancient city,

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 resulting the space building and materials from the 15th century is 

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on the poems promoted the profound review of the city 

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and its image reflecting the spirit of 

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the renaissance classicism and later of the baroque.

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From its foundation. Rome has continually been with 

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the history of humanities as the capital of the Empire, 

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which dominates the Mediterranean world for many centuries. 

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Rome becomes there after the spiritual capital of the Christian world.

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And the Criterion (iv), for the Rome is that the historic centre of 

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Rome as a whole, as well as its buildings, 

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testifies to the uninterrupted sequence of three millennia of history.

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The specific characteristics of the site are the stratification of 

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architectural languages, the wide range of building typologies 

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and original developments in urban planning which are harmoniously 

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integrated in the city’s complex morphology.

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Worthy of mentioning are significant civil monuments 

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such as the Forums, Baths, city walls and palaces; 

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 from the remarkable examples of

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 the early Christian basilicas to the Baroque churches; the water systems.

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This evidently complex diversity of styles merges to make a unique ensemble, 

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which continues to evolve in time.

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So the last example is the City of Bath, 

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Founded by the Romans as a thermal spa for the empire

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Bath became an important centre of the wool industry in the Middle Ages. 

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In the 18th century, under George III,

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 it developed into an elegant town with different kind of building campaigns,

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 the Romans and the English style which blend harmoniously with the Roman baths.

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So based on the Criterion (iv), the Bath reflects two great eras in human history: 

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Roman and Georgian. 

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The Roman Baths and temple complex make a significant contribution to

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 the understanding and appreciation of Roman social and religious society.

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The 18th century re-development is a unique combination of 

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outstanding urban architecture, spatial arrangement and social history. 

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Bath exemplifies the main themes of the 18th century neoclassical city; 

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the monumentalisation of ordinary houses,

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 the integration of landscape and town, and the creation

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 and interlinking of urban spaces, designed 

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and developed as a response to the growing popularity of Bath 

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as a society and spa destination to provide an appropriate picturesque setting 

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and facilities for the different social visitors. 

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Although Bath gained greatest importance in Roman and Georgian times, 

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the city nevertheless reflects continuous development over two millennia 

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with the spectacular medieval Abbey Church sat beside the Roman temple 

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and baths, in the heart of the 18th century and modern day city.

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In this section, I talked about the Criterion iii and iv.

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And gives you examples to illustrate them. 

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And the next section, I will continue to talk about the Criterion V and Vi. 

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Thank you.