WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:06.820 align:middle line:90% 00:00:06.820 --> 00:00:10.360 align:middle line:84% In this session, we will talk about the current ICT systems 00:00:10.360 --> 00:00:13.180 align:middle line:84% that you will see in supply chains that enable the supply 00:00:13.180 --> 00:00:17.770 align:middle line:84% chains today and that allow you to not only monitor current 00:00:17.770 --> 00:00:20.610 align:middle line:84% supply chain processes, but also to analyse them and to improve 00:00:20.610 --> 00:00:24.230 align:middle line:90% them, to innovate them. 00:00:24.230 --> 00:00:28.190 align:middle line:84% In the earlier lessons, we saw that supply chains 00:00:28.190 --> 00:00:32.509 align:middle line:84% have tremendously benefited from all kinds of IT innovations. 00:00:32.509 --> 00:00:35.940 align:middle line:84% Different IT breakthroughs cause the supply chain today 00:00:35.940 --> 00:00:38.200 align:middle line:84% to look completely different from, let's say, 00:00:38.200 --> 00:00:40.040 align:middle line:90% 30, 40, 50 years ago. 00:00:40.040 --> 00:00:43.480 align:middle line:84% Today, you see a rich variety of ICT systems 00:00:43.480 --> 00:00:45.060 align:middle line:90% in the supply chain. 00:00:45.060 --> 00:00:48.590 align:middle line:84% And we will do a brief overview so that you will recognise 00:00:48.590 --> 00:00:51.660 align:middle line:84% the different types of systems and software that you see 00:00:51.660 --> 00:00:55.140 align:middle line:84% today, and also the challenges that these systems bring, 00:00:55.140 --> 00:00:57.120 align:middle line:84% and also the opportunities they bring. 00:00:57.120 --> 00:01:00.750 align:middle line:84% So remember that supply chain is really 00:01:00.750 --> 00:01:05.400 align:middle line:84% about integrating processes-- not only within your company, 00:01:05.400 --> 00:01:09.330 align:middle line:84% but also across the whole value network of companies 00:01:09.330 --> 00:01:10.910 align:middle line:90% to meet customer demands. 00:01:10.910 --> 00:01:13.030 align:middle line:84% And the customer demands, as we discussed, 00:01:13.030 --> 00:01:15.430 align:middle line:84% are changing rapidly, and they're much more dynamic 00:01:15.430 --> 00:01:16.680 align:middle line:90% than in the past. 00:01:16.680 --> 00:01:19.600 align:middle line:84% Also, sustainability has become a really important issue. 00:01:19.600 --> 00:01:24.290 align:middle line:84% So we really need to integrate the supply chain to get what we 00:01:24.290 --> 00:01:28.605 align:middle line:84% often call end-to-end visibility of what's going on so that we 00:01:28.605 --> 00:01:30.860 align:middle line:84% can really analyse it and improve it. 00:01:30.860 --> 00:01:33.630 align:middle line:84% To get an overview of the type of supply chain 00:01:33.630 --> 00:01:36.290 align:middle line:84% processes and also the systems that 00:01:36.290 --> 00:01:39.760 align:middle line:84% can help them improve these processes, 00:01:39.760 --> 00:01:45.720 align:middle line:84% we use the supply chain score model, supply chain operations 00:01:45.720 --> 00:01:50.190 align:middle line:84% model, that has been developed and is still being developed 00:01:50.190 --> 00:01:51.550 align:middle line:90% by the Supply Chain Council. 00:01:51.550 --> 00:01:54.170 align:middle line:84% The Supply Chain Council was also established 00:01:54.170 --> 00:01:59.470 align:middle line:84% in the mid 1990s, and is an industry-wide association 00:01:59.470 --> 00:02:01.370 align:middle line:84% that really helps advance supply chain 00:02:01.370 --> 00:02:02.970 align:middle line:90% management as a profession. 00:02:02.970 --> 00:02:06.640 align:middle line:84% In the planning area, you see some really interesting systems 00:02:06.640 --> 00:02:09.050 align:middle line:84% today that help you to plan your supply chain, 00:02:09.050 --> 00:02:13.530 align:middle line:84% to optimise the network, and to simulate your supply chain. 00:02:13.530 --> 00:02:16.550 align:middle line:84% In the sourcing area, you see systems that, for example, help 00:02:16.550 --> 00:02:19.900 align:middle line:84% you to manage your portfolio of suppliers-- 00:02:19.900 --> 00:02:22.930 align:middle line:84% to see how they perform, to select suppliers, 00:02:22.930 --> 00:02:27.510 align:middle line:84% to communicate with them, to get bits and quotes, and so on. 00:02:27.510 --> 00:02:31.400 align:middle line:84% We see marketplaces that help you to procure from the market. 00:02:31.400 --> 00:02:33.831 align:middle line:84% In the make process area, we see systems 00:02:33.831 --> 00:02:35.330 align:middle line:84% that help you with your production-- 00:02:35.330 --> 00:02:37.170 align:middle line:84% your production planning, the production 00:02:37.170 --> 00:02:41.040 align:middle line:84% execution-- for example, process automation systems. 00:02:41.040 --> 00:02:43.280 align:middle line:84% In the delivery area, we see systems 00:02:43.280 --> 00:02:47.250 align:middle line:84% that help you to manage your transports, your warehouses, 00:02:47.250 --> 00:02:51.290 align:middle line:84% your terminals, and all these different processes that 00:02:51.290 --> 00:02:57.480 align:middle line:84% are needed to get goods from the shippers to the end consumers. 00:02:57.480 --> 00:02:59.640 align:middle line:84% Very connected to the topic of sustainability 00:02:59.640 --> 00:03:01.481 align:middle line:90% is the area of returns. 00:03:01.481 --> 00:03:02.980 align:middle line:84% In the past, supply chains were just 00:03:02.980 --> 00:03:05.710 align:middle line:84% about pushing products to the market. 00:03:05.710 --> 00:03:08.150 align:middle line:84% But for sustainability reasons, it 00:03:08.150 --> 00:03:11.760 align:middle line:84% has become much more important to look at the entire product 00:03:11.760 --> 00:03:13.200 align:middle line:90% life cycle. 00:03:13.200 --> 00:03:16.790 align:middle line:84% So today, we are interested in also handling returns, which 00:03:16.790 --> 00:03:18.960 align:middle line:84% means products that come back from the market need 00:03:18.960 --> 00:03:22.150 align:middle line:84% to be recycled, need to be refurbished, 00:03:22.150 --> 00:03:25.840 align:middle line:90% need to be manufactured, reused. 00:03:25.840 --> 00:03:28.740 align:middle line:84% This requires the systems to also keep 00:03:28.740 --> 00:03:33.190 align:middle line:84% track of the products that have been sold, that are in use, 00:03:33.190 --> 00:03:34.420 align:middle line:90% and that will be returned. 00:03:34.420 --> 00:03:38.590 align:middle line:84% We have systems to monitor the entire product life cycle, 00:03:38.590 --> 00:03:42.960 align:middle line:84% and we have special systems that automate the return processes. 00:03:42.960 --> 00:03:46.202 align:middle line:84% In this area, you will see these kinds of examples. 00:03:46.202 --> 00:03:47.910 align:middle line:84% And then there are many enabling systems. 00:03:47.910 --> 00:03:51.120 align:middle line:84% These systems basically facilitate all the supplies 00:03:51.120 --> 00:03:52.200 align:middle line:90% chain processes. 00:03:52.200 --> 00:03:53.870 align:middle line:84% Think of human resource planning, 00:03:53.870 --> 00:03:58.170 align:middle line:84% think of systems that analyse risks, that manage contracts, 00:03:58.170 --> 00:04:01.280 align:middle line:84% that measure the performance of the supply chain, 00:04:01.280 --> 00:04:05.640 align:middle line:84% and as for an example, enable the financial flows. 00:04:05.640 --> 00:04:07.780 align:middle line:90% So there's a wealth of systems. 00:04:07.780 --> 00:04:10.380 align:middle line:84% And it's very interesting in the history of these developments 00:04:10.380 --> 00:04:13.670 align:middle line:84% of systems who support supply chain that you see, on the one 00:04:13.670 --> 00:04:16.850 align:middle line:84% hand, the big enterprise resource system 00:04:16.850 --> 00:04:20.050 align:middle line:84% products that you have in many areas, 00:04:20.050 --> 00:04:22.330 align:middle line:84% and you have hundreds of vendors that 00:04:22.330 --> 00:04:23.700 align:middle line:90% sell these kind of systems. 00:04:23.700 --> 00:04:26.870 align:middle line:84% Here you see some really famous and large examples, 00:04:26.870 --> 00:04:29.140 align:middle line:84% but there's also a lot of companies 00:04:29.140 --> 00:04:32.890 align:middle line:84% that focus on the mid-market or focus on specific industries. 00:04:32.890 --> 00:04:35.990 align:middle line:84% These enterprise resource planning systems 00:04:35.990 --> 00:04:40.770 align:middle line:84% really try to automate every aspect of these processes 00:04:40.770 --> 00:04:42.310 align:middle line:90% that we just covered. 00:04:42.310 --> 00:04:45.270 align:middle line:84% Think of the planning, think of the manufacturing, 00:04:45.270 --> 00:04:48.350 align:middle line:84% the production, delivery, procurement-- 00:04:48.350 --> 00:04:51.540 align:middle line:84% all of these processes have a specific module 00:04:51.540 --> 00:04:52.600 align:middle line:90% in that software. 00:04:52.600 --> 00:04:54.610 align:middle line:84% And you can imagine that the software 00:04:54.610 --> 00:04:57.240 align:middle line:90% is huge and very complex. 00:04:57.240 --> 00:04:59.840 align:middle line:84% The software contains this process support, 00:04:59.840 --> 00:05:03.560 align:middle line:84% and you can also tailor it to specific industries. 00:05:03.560 --> 00:05:07.110 align:middle line:84% You can include certain best practises in these software 00:05:07.110 --> 00:05:07.960 align:middle line:90% systems. 00:05:07.960 --> 00:05:10.080 align:middle line:84% But you can also imagine, these are large, 00:05:10.080 --> 00:05:13.580 align:middle line:84% and these are also complex, and not very 00:05:13.580 --> 00:05:15.150 align:middle line:90% cheap to buy and implement. 00:05:15.150 --> 00:05:17.940 align:middle line:84% Still, they are very powerful, and they 00:05:17.940 --> 00:05:21.250 align:middle line:84% are, in many businesses, the core functionality 00:05:21.250 --> 00:05:23.010 align:middle line:90% of the company. 00:05:23.010 --> 00:05:26.840 align:middle line:84% However, you will always see that in any business process 00:05:26.840 --> 00:05:30.910 align:middle line:84% that you try to automate with your big enterprise resource 00:05:30.910 --> 00:05:33.380 align:middle line:84% planning software solution that there 00:05:33.380 --> 00:05:37.070 align:middle line:84% will be niche players, certain small software companies, that 00:05:37.070 --> 00:05:42.320 align:middle line:84% really focus on this specific area that can deliver similar, 00:05:42.320 --> 00:05:45.660 align:middle line:84% or maybe even better, solutions that are even better tailored 00:05:45.660 --> 00:05:47.360 align:middle line:90% to your needs. 00:05:47.360 --> 00:05:51.080 align:middle line:84% So over the last decades, it's been a big debate 00:05:51.080 --> 00:05:54.650 align:middle line:84% whether you should buy a big enterprise resource planning 00:05:54.650 --> 00:05:57.100 align:middle line:84% solution for all your needs, or whether you should also 00:05:57.100 --> 00:06:00.880 align:middle line:84% have these niche solutions that are very specifically tailored 00:06:00.880 --> 00:06:03.610 align:middle line:84% to your needs, or whether you should have both. 00:06:03.610 --> 00:06:05.570 align:middle line:84% These strategies are called single vendor-- 00:06:05.570 --> 00:06:08.160 align:middle line:84% trying to do everything in one solution. 00:06:08.160 --> 00:06:10.620 align:middle line:84% And the other strategy is called best of breed, 00:06:10.620 --> 00:06:13.530 align:middle line:84% where you take a certain enterprise resource planning 00:06:13.530 --> 00:06:16.170 align:middle line:84% solution for your backbone functionality, 00:06:16.170 --> 00:06:19.050 align:middle line:84% but you tailor specific solutions where you need them. 00:06:19.050 --> 00:06:21.600 align:middle line:84% I tend to say that today, the best of breed 00:06:21.600 --> 00:06:22.810 align:middle line:90% is becoming more feasible. 00:06:22.810 --> 00:06:25.420 align:middle line:84% And more and more companies adopt it, 00:06:25.420 --> 00:06:29.225 align:middle line:84% because they have an ERP solution for the really 00:06:29.225 --> 00:06:31.130 align:middle line:84% core functionality of the company, 00:06:31.130 --> 00:06:33.550 align:middle line:84% and they use other solutions where needed, 00:06:33.550 --> 00:06:35.800 align:middle line:84% and they choose to integrate them. 00:06:35.800 --> 00:06:37.400 align:middle line:84% As you will see later in this course, 00:06:37.400 --> 00:06:40.710 align:middle line:84% it's getting a more feasible solution. 00:06:40.710 --> 00:06:44.030 align:middle line:84% With today's technology, it's possible-- not without risk. 00:06:44.030 --> 00:06:46.160 align:middle line:84% It's not easy, but it's possible. 00:06:46.160 --> 00:06:49.030 align:middle line:84% So I'll give you some examples of the different areas 00:06:49.030 --> 00:06:51.290 align:middle line:84% of the square model, the supply chain processes, 00:06:51.290 --> 00:06:54.510 align:middle line:84% and typically, what kind of solutions you see there. 00:06:54.510 --> 00:06:59.330 align:middle line:84% In the planning area, you see network optimisation systems-- 00:06:59.330 --> 00:07:02.880 align:middle line:84% for example, a that analyses the current demand 00:07:02.880 --> 00:07:07.220 align:middle line:84% or the current deliveries in your network and analyses 00:07:07.220 --> 00:07:10.170 align:middle line:84% if this can be done more efficiency-- for example, 00:07:10.170 --> 00:07:12.790 align:middle line:84% by setting up new delivery centres, 00:07:12.790 --> 00:07:14.550 align:middle line:84% or by setting up new production plants, 00:07:14.550 --> 00:07:18.050 align:middle line:84% or changing the delivery networks, and so on. 00:07:18.050 --> 00:07:20.650 align:middle line:84% You see simulation tools at the planning level, 00:07:20.650 --> 00:07:24.580 align:middle line:84% which means you use simulation to plan for certain events. 00:07:24.580 --> 00:07:28.270 align:middle line:84% In this example, you see a simulation that can be run 00:07:28.270 --> 00:07:31.330 align:middle line:84% to see the effect of certain disruptions in your supply 00:07:31.330 --> 00:07:34.440 align:middle line:84% chain and see what kind of response would work best 00:07:34.440 --> 00:07:37.831 align:middle line:84% so that you can analyse many different kinds of disruptions, 00:07:37.831 --> 00:07:39.830 align:middle line:84% and you will be ready when they actually happen. 00:07:39.830 --> 00:07:42.820 align:middle line:84% In the planning, I also see, for example, 00:07:42.820 --> 00:07:47.160 align:middle line:84% solutions that are specialised in analysing stock levels 00:07:47.160 --> 00:07:48.730 align:middle line:90% and making good forecasts. 00:07:48.730 --> 00:07:52.970 align:middle line:84% So they really take a lot of daytime use algorithms 00:07:52.970 --> 00:07:57.970 align:middle line:84% to analyse the stock levels throughout the supply chain 00:07:57.970 --> 00:08:02.300 align:middle line:84% and see if the current demand patterns really justify these 00:08:02.300 --> 00:08:03.750 align:middle line:90% stock levels. 00:08:03.750 --> 00:08:06.300 align:middle line:84% This can really help you a lot, because maybe you 00:08:06.300 --> 00:08:08.520 align:middle line:84% have a lot of stock and safety stock sitting 00:08:08.520 --> 00:08:10.765 align:middle line:84% all over in your supply chain that 00:08:10.765 --> 00:08:14.690 align:middle line:84% is really costing you a lot of money and may not be needed. 00:08:14.690 --> 00:08:17.470 align:middle line:84% So it's really something you can do at the planning level. 00:08:17.470 --> 00:08:19.880 align:middle line:84% The sourcing level is really about how you deal with 00:08:19.880 --> 00:08:25.820 align:middle line:84% your suppliers, and it can be also improved if you look 00:08:25.820 --> 00:08:28.590 align:middle line:84% at certain software solutions in this space-- for example, 00:08:28.590 --> 00:08:32.600 align:middle line:84% to analyse how much of your different components you get 00:08:32.600 --> 00:08:37.159 align:middle line:84% from different suppliers if they meet the quality criteria 00:08:37.159 --> 00:08:39.760 align:middle line:84% and if you can maybe design a different portfolio 00:08:39.760 --> 00:08:42.900 align:middle line:84% of suppliers that gives you a better return. 00:08:42.900 --> 00:08:46.600 align:middle line:84% In the make area, you see all kinds of production automation 00:08:46.600 --> 00:08:49.990 align:middle line:84% solutions-- for example, scheduling 00:08:49.990 --> 00:08:53.530 align:middle line:84% the machines and the resources to make the smart production 00:08:53.530 --> 00:08:54.150 align:middle line:90% schedule. 00:08:54.150 --> 00:08:57.860 align:middle line:84% Also, you see process automation systems that really are 00:08:57.860 --> 00:09:02.040 align:middle line:84% monitoring the shop floor and analysing if smarter production 00:09:02.040 --> 00:09:04.770 align:middle line:90% techniques can be used. 00:09:04.770 --> 00:09:08.940 align:middle line:84% Today, you also see customised production software 00:09:08.940 --> 00:09:12.570 align:middle line:84% that really can be linked directly to the customer's 00:09:12.570 --> 00:09:15.800 align:middle line:84% demands so that the customer can configure certain products, 00:09:15.800 --> 00:09:19.160 align:middle line:84% and it will be directly communicated to the shop floor, 00:09:19.160 --> 00:09:23.430 align:middle line:84% where these will be automated and produced. 00:09:23.430 --> 00:09:25.110 align:middle line:84% In the delivery area, which is really 00:09:25.110 --> 00:09:28.210 align:middle line:84% about getting the products from one company to the next 00:09:28.210 --> 00:09:30.060 align:middle line:84% and ultimately to the end customer, 00:09:30.060 --> 00:09:32.280 align:middle line:84% you see all kinds of solutions that 00:09:32.280 --> 00:09:35.480 align:middle line:84% help you to manage to the transport and the cargo 00:09:35.480 --> 00:09:38.810 align:middle line:84% and the warehouse-- for example, solutions that 00:09:38.810 --> 00:09:41.160 align:middle line:84% manage transport and really keep track of the goods, 00:09:41.160 --> 00:09:44.500 align:middle line:84% plan the trucks, plan the real capacity, 00:09:44.500 --> 00:09:48.500 align:middle line:84% plan ships, plan terminals, and make sure 00:09:48.500 --> 00:09:52.600 align:middle line:84% that the cargo is monitored and stacked and stored 00:09:52.600 --> 00:09:54.600 align:middle line:84% and delivered in a very efficient way. 00:09:54.600 --> 00:09:59.660 align:middle line:84% There's a whole area of managing warehouses-- the facilities 00:09:59.660 --> 00:10:03.100 align:middle line:84% where cargo is temporarily stocked. 00:10:03.100 --> 00:10:06.580 align:middle line:84% And here, you see that the software is becoming much, 00:10:06.580 --> 00:10:11.780 align:middle line:84% much more smart in really laying out the products in a warehouse 00:10:11.780 --> 00:10:15.950 align:middle line:84% in such a way that you minimise the movement and you use 00:10:15.950 --> 00:10:19.810 align:middle line:84% the capacity of the warehouse in a really effective way. 00:10:19.810 --> 00:10:20.820 align:middle line:90% Think of terminals. 00:10:20.820 --> 00:10:24.390 align:middle line:84% Terminals are really important hubs in supply chains 00:10:24.390 --> 00:10:28.170 align:middle line:84% where you often bring together multiple modes of transport. 00:10:28.170 --> 00:10:29.700 align:middle line:84% Think of multimodal terminals that 00:10:29.700 --> 00:10:36.170 align:middle line:84% handle ships, that handle train, that can handle air cargo, that 00:10:36.170 --> 00:10:41.390 align:middle line:84% can handle trucks, that also very often have warehousing, 00:10:41.390 --> 00:10:45.280 align:middle line:84% and that really are nodes in the transport network. 00:10:45.280 --> 00:10:48.750 align:middle line:84% There's specific software to manage terminals in a way 00:10:48.750 --> 00:10:53.950 align:middle line:84% that they run efficiently, that multimodal plans can be created 00:10:53.950 --> 00:10:57.720 align:middle line:84% that really make use of the best modality-- so real ship 00:10:57.720 --> 00:11:00.100 align:middle line:84% rather than truck, if that's possible. 00:11:00.100 --> 00:11:03.570 align:middle line:84% Make sure that containers and goods are stacked efficiently-- 00:11:03.570 --> 00:11:06.290 align:middle line:84% a very specific area, again, where you have very 00:11:06.290 --> 00:11:08.300 align:middle line:90% dedicated software solutions. 00:11:08.300 --> 00:11:12.400 align:middle line:84% As I said, the returns and the product life cycle 00:11:12.400 --> 00:11:14.900 align:middle line:84% is becoming much more important because of sustainability 00:11:14.900 --> 00:11:16.180 align:middle line:90% reasons. 00:11:16.180 --> 00:11:19.830 align:middle line:84% We really try to minimise waste and reuse and recycle as much 00:11:19.830 --> 00:11:24.980 align:middle line:84% as we can, and also handle returns in an efficient way. 00:11:24.980 --> 00:11:27.070 align:middle line:84% That's one of the downsides of e-commerce, 00:11:27.070 --> 00:11:30.040 align:middle line:84% is that people-- and also companies-- tend 00:11:30.040 --> 00:11:33.080 align:middle line:84% to order many more products and to return them 00:11:33.080 --> 00:11:34.260 align:middle line:90% when they don't like them. 00:11:34.260 --> 00:11:36.780 align:middle line:84% This process requires a completely new way 00:11:36.780 --> 00:11:39.570 align:middle line:90% of thinking and handling. 00:11:39.570 --> 00:11:42.750 align:middle line:84% And to do this as efficiently and effectively 00:11:42.750 --> 00:11:45.010 align:middle line:84% as possible, specific solutions have 00:11:45.010 --> 00:11:49.360 align:middle line:84% been designed-- software that predicts returns and also 00:11:49.360 --> 00:11:54.925 align:middle line:84% manages returns in a way that they can be handled 00:11:54.925 --> 00:11:57.114 align:middle line:84% in a way that is not really causing 00:11:57.114 --> 00:11:58.780 align:middle line:84% too much waste and inefficient handling. 00:11:58.780 --> 00:12:00.970 align:middle line:84% Think of all the enabling processes 00:12:00.970 --> 00:12:04.380 align:middle line:84% are needed to make the supply chain work-- personnel 00:12:04.380 --> 00:12:09.190 align:middle line:84% planning, finance, compliance, reporting, performance 00:12:09.190 --> 00:12:10.800 align:middle line:90% management. 00:12:10.800 --> 00:12:16.570 align:middle line:84% All of this used to be really, really a lot of manual work. 00:12:16.570 --> 00:12:19.540 align:middle line:84% And now you see many, many software solutions 00:12:19.540 --> 00:12:21.510 align:middle line:90% that help you to do this. 00:12:21.510 --> 00:12:25.660 align:middle line:84% For example, if you have contracts with suppliers 00:12:25.660 --> 00:12:27.630 align:middle line:84% and these supplies deliver goods, 00:12:27.630 --> 00:12:30.610 align:middle line:84% then you need to see if you suppliers actually 00:12:30.610 --> 00:12:32.680 align:middle line:90% met the contact conditions. 00:12:32.680 --> 00:12:34.940 align:middle line:84% And if they did, then you can pay their invoice. 00:12:34.940 --> 00:12:38.160 align:middle line:84% If they don't, then you may have to give them penalties. 00:12:38.160 --> 00:12:41.260 align:middle line:84% And maybe you give them incentives or bonuses 00:12:41.260 --> 00:12:44.090 align:middle line:84% if they exceed your expectations. 00:12:44.090 --> 00:12:46.720 align:middle line:84% All these agreements are written down in contracts, 00:12:46.720 --> 00:12:50.350 align:middle line:84% and all these agreements need to be effectuated and executed. 00:12:50.350 --> 00:12:52.700 align:middle line:84% And if all of this would be manual, 00:12:52.700 --> 00:12:54.730 align:middle line:90% then it would be a lot of work. 00:12:54.730 --> 00:12:58.620 align:middle line:84% So software solutions appear that actually automatically 00:12:58.620 --> 00:13:02.250 align:middle line:84% interpret your contract, look at your transactions, 00:13:02.250 --> 00:13:04.080 align:middle line:84% and manage your contacts and fees 00:13:04.080 --> 00:13:06.240 align:middle line:90% and bonuses you want to give. 00:13:06.240 --> 00:13:10.590 align:middle line:84% So this was, in a nutshell, the overview 00:13:10.590 --> 00:13:14.210 align:middle line:84% of a lot of software solutions that have appeared 00:13:14.210 --> 00:13:17.500 align:middle line:84% to support all the areas, all the process areas of the supply 00:13:17.500 --> 00:13:20.200 align:middle line:90% chain reference model. 00:13:20.200 --> 00:13:24.760 align:middle line:84% So it's really interesting to look at the supply chain, 00:13:24.760 --> 00:13:27.150 align:middle line:84% take a reference model like the score model, 00:13:27.150 --> 00:13:28.700 align:middle line:84% look at all the processes in place, 00:13:28.700 --> 00:13:31.610 align:middle line:84% and then see what kind of software solutions 00:13:31.610 --> 00:13:35.770 align:middle line:84% the companies have put in place to manage all this. 00:13:35.770 --> 00:13:37.380 align:middle line:84% You'll see-- and this is what I find 00:13:37.380 --> 00:13:39.920 align:middle line:84% really fascinating about supply chain management-- 00:13:39.920 --> 00:13:42.420 align:middle line:84% that every company and every group of companies 00:13:42.420 --> 00:13:45.720 align:middle line:84% is different in what they automate, what they still 00:13:45.720 --> 00:13:48.720 align:middle line:84% manual in place, where they choose certain really 00:13:48.720 --> 00:13:50.920 align:middle line:84% new solutions, where they have more 00:13:50.920 --> 00:13:54.540 align:middle line:84% traditional solutions, where they still do things manual. 00:13:54.540 --> 00:14:00.100 align:middle line:84% And there is always room for improvement and innovation. 00:14:00.100 --> 00:14:06.150 align:middle line:84% So this score framework helps you to analyse the supply 00:14:06.150 --> 00:14:10.300 align:middle line:84% chain, the software systems that are being used, and also, 00:14:10.300 --> 00:14:12.660 align:middle line:90% the ways to improve it. 00:14:12.660 --> 00:14:15.567 align:middle line:84% You have seen now many examples of these different types 00:14:15.567 --> 00:14:16.400 align:middle line:90% of software systems. 00:14:16.400 --> 00:14:18.920 align:middle line:84% Of course, there are thousands of these kinds of systems 00:14:18.920 --> 00:14:20.950 align:middle line:84% available on the market today, and you 00:14:20.950 --> 00:14:24.330 align:middle line:84% have to be careful in selecting and implementing them. 00:14:24.330 --> 00:14:26.960 align:middle line:84% To find the right one that's really good for your needs, 00:14:26.960 --> 00:14:30.510 align:middle line:84% has the right level of detail, complexity, of course, 00:14:30.510 --> 00:14:32.840 align:middle line:84% also the right price level-- this is one 00:14:32.840 --> 00:14:35.050 align:middle line:84% of the jobs that the supply chain 00:14:35.050 --> 00:14:37.810 align:middle line:90% manager needs to be engaged in. 00:14:37.810 --> 00:14:43.740 align:middle line:84% He needs to be responsible for using ICT to improve the supply 00:14:43.740 --> 00:14:45.700 align:middle line:90% chain performance. 00:14:45.700 --> 00:14:47.787 align:middle line:90%