WEBVTT

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[MUSIC PLAYING]

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ERIC MAFUTA: Let's talk
about microplanning.

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Microplanning is
one of the tools

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that a focus use to ensure that
immunization services reach

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every community.

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Microplanning is used to
identify priority community,

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to address barrier, and develop
work plan with solution.

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It's a methodology
called innovation

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in the field of health program.

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It may be defined as a
planning and implementation

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process, which is
people [INAUDIBLE]

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rely on their decision.

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Some refer to it as
a bottom up planning

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because the planning starts
from lower level unlike more

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traditional top down
planning processes.

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It's also known as
participatory planning

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as the community is involve at
every stage of the planning.

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We will begin to define
first what the planning mean.

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The planning is a management
process [INAUDIBLE]

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about defining goals and
objective for future direction

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to determining activities
and the resources

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to achieve those targets.

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To meet objective, managers may
develop plan, such as action

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plan or microplan.

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[INAUDIBLE] defining
goals, objectives,

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and to determine
activity in advance.

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There is different level
of planning responsible

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for different section
of planning process.

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You have what we call
strategic planning done

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by the top level,
tactical planning

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by middle, intermediate,
or executive m

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and what we call
operational planning done

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by junior or proportional level.

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Here, we have a slide that
shows the relationship

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between this three
type of planning.

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The strategic planning is
long-term goals and objective.

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We say that is done
by top level managers

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to set up vision
of the institution

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to develop a strategic
orientation that

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can support the
organization to evolve

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in a competitive environment.

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The tactical planning links to
long-term goals and objectives

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to operational goals.

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It is carried out at
the intermediary level

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for a lot of country in
the provincial level.

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The operational
planning [INAUDIBLE]

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with strategic
goals and objective.

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It describes goal and
objective for each services

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to contribute to
achieve strategic

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and goals and objective.

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It's a short-term planning.

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Most time annual.

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What describe activities,
such resources, milestone,

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and condition for success.

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These three type of planning are
related as shown in this graph.

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I would like to invite
you to watch a video.

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When watching this
video, you have

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to try to figure out concepts
relating to the planning

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and figure about the
following questions.

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What is the goal of polio
eradication initiative?

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What activities are carried out?

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What tools and resources are
used to achieve the goal?

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Now that you watched the video,
you can draw on your reading

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and try to discuss what you
have got from this video.

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And I think that you
can just figure out

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that microplanning is now
used in enormous scale

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and in minute detail.

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We have also some advantage
of use microplanning,

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Here, you have a picture from--

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with people who are working
together in Afghanistan

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and trying to make
microplanning.

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We have also some comments
from some country about what

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is the power of microplanning.

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But what do we
have to understand

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is that microplanning is
a decentralized activity

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as providers have to work
with the surrounding community

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members to identify
location, target population,

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and each supplement that
defines where people are living

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because it is
important to have all

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this information for a good
planning [? implication. ?]

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And the microplanning is
used for simply monitoring

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immunization activities,
outreach program,

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acute [INAUDIBLE] surveillance,
or outbreak response.

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Let's go through this
type of microplanning.

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So the first step is to
identify location and a target

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population.

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It's important to
identify where you

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have non-residential
location, where you have

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temporary fixed population,
and where you have

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specific landmarks, such as
health posts, border cross

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points, seasonal settlements,
market, school, church,

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bus station, and order.

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And you have to answer some
question about the population,

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such as who are there?

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What are their occupation?

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How they are dispersed?

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You have also to
answer the question

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about what is the area like?

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Is it a urban, rural area?

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What is the
topography because you

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can have different topography?

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And you have also, as I say,
to identify all population

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settlements.

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In the second step, we have to
validate sites list using maps.

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So sometimes, these steps are
done at the district level.

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So in a district level,
the team is work together

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to try to validate
what are settlements

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we have to take to change
name, to remove others,

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to try to separate what
is about the one district

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to another district.

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Here, we have in the graph,
example from the Mozambique.

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In the first step, we
are prepared local maps.

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Local maps should include
some representation

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of different settlement
area as well as

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easily recognize important
social or cultural space.

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You can see church.

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You can see health centers.

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You can see also made
roads and other landmarks.

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The team use these maps to
create daily work to plan

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and to assure coverage
of all the area.

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Everything on the map should
also be in a microplan

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and vice versa.

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The first step is to
create daily work plan.

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During microplanning,
health team

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has to identify priority
health centers and communities,

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identify barrier to access and
utilization, and [INAUDIBLE]

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solution, and prepare a
work plan using information

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that the map and
microplan teamwork

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to set daily plan work.

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For example, this slide
show the day one plan

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for microplanning area,
what area to cover.

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What is the number
of target people?

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How many vaccinators do we need?

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What resources we
need, and what--

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who are responsible
for this activity?

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After it, you have
to develop logistic

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and resource plan is to deal
with what resource we have.

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What will be the
distribution points?

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How many vaccine?

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What type of cold
chain do we need?

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How to do other supply, such
as [INAUDIBLE],, such as water

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and thermal mugs?

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And how to carry out
mobilization and communication

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activities?

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However, microplanning
meets a lot of challenges.

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What we try to
[? eliminate ?] here

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is sometimes they
are often outdated,

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so we are using templates.

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And these templates
are often simplest

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reset instead of
the updating, so we

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need to adjust for change
[INAUDIBLE] situation.

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We have also the
situation where we

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have a top down process rather
than a bottom up process.

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Sometime a worker
creates a microplanning

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without the participation
of stakeholder

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who know the context.

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And we have some
compliance bias that

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can be created without
involving existing

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resources and the community.

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So we have a set
type of challenge

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that we meet during
the microplanning.

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[MUSIC PLAYING]

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