WEBVTT

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SUMEER CHAKUU:
Hello dear learners.

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Welcome to week
five round-up video.

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My name is Sumeer, and I'm
your mentor for this week.

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And I'm here with,
Gwynne, the lead educator.

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Hi Gwynne.

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How are you doing today?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS: Yeah, I'm
fine, thank you Sumeer.

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And you?

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SUMEER CHAKUU: Thank you.

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I'm also doing pretty fine.

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So Gwynne, for this
week, our total module

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was divided into
four main blocks.

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The first one was giving a
general overview of logistics.

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And then we moved on
to different modes

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of transportation,
career in logistics,

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what are the challenges
facing companies today.

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In addition to that,
we also had a brief,

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or I would say, in
detailed introduction

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to warehousing, technologies
what we use in warehousing,

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and the role of
automation in warehousing.

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Based on this content
and this discussion,

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I have some questions so that we
can discuss these questions so

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that the learners can have more
detailed knowledge regarding

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some of these topics.

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So going to the
general overview,

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from your perspective, why does
logistics play a crucial role

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in supply chain?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS:
Simply put, it's

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to get products in full and
on time to the customer.

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So warehousing
and transportation

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plays a large role
in making sure

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that what the
customer has ordered

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is exactly what they
receive and when they

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want it to be to be delivered.

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SUMEER CHAKUU: And
now by the advent

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of new type of
logistic services,

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for example city logistics
or door to door logistics,

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do you think that it will
change the supply chain

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structure a bit, or it
will remain the same?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS: I think
actually the biggest challenge

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is probably the
introduction of e-commerce.

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And a lot of people
now ordering online.

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So that's really the
biggest challenge.

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I suppose you could call it
the last mile delivery, where

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companies, now instead of
delivering to retail stores,

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we become the pickers
and transporters.

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And now deliveries
have to be made

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to people's homes
and flats, which

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is certainly a big challenge.

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SUMEER CHAKUU: Yeah there's
definitely a really good point,

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which we're making.

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We're now coming
onto the technology,

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because our first model
had two perspectives,

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one was the overview
and the second part

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moved into the container ships.

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So nowadays we see
that technology

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is playing - there
are driverless cars

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- technology is really
playing an important role.

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So there has been
some research going on

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to have crewless ships.

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So do you think that
the technology that

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might be used in the
future container ships

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will have some impact
on the logistics?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS: Yeah,
as you've just mentioned,

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driverless trucks are now being
trialled around the world.

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And also the opportunity of
introducing crewless ships

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is an interesting one.

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Certainly they don't
have the same congestion

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that we have on our major
highways and motorways.

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So that might be a possibility.

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There does get to
be some congestion

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obviously, on the entry
and exit to ports.

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So whether having a totally
crewless ship is going to work.

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But I suppose the whole idea
of having a crewless container

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ship is to reduce costs further.

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So what we're seeing now
are bigger container ships.

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Now we're up to something
like just over 21,000, nearly

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22,000 20-foot
equivalent units being

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carried by a container ship.

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So from that point of view, the
cost per unit will come down.

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But there is so much
competition in that area

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that any other potential cost
savings, such as reducing

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the amount of people
operating the ship,

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will enable companies to
reduce their costs further.

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SUMEER CHAKUU: Will it
also have any impact

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on turnaround time or something
associated with the time

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perspective?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS: That's a
difficult one to answer,

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because that very much depends
on the companies, the shipping

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lines themselves, as to
how quickly they want

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the ships to actually travel.

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Because the quicker those ships
travel, then the more energy

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they use, so
therefore more diesel,

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which obviously then has an
impact on the environment.

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So from that point
of view, we're

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seeing a lot of shipping
companies actually

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show slowing down their ships
so that they use less diesel,

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and therefore have less of
an effect on the environment.

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SUMEER CHAKUU: So now
as different modes

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of transportation what we have
for transporting the goods,

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the impact on environment
is really different.

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So in using different
modes of transportation,

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what do you think is
the greatest challenge?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS: One of
the biggest challenges

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is coordination between the
different modes of transport.

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Because what you tend
to find is that there

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are different companies
operating the different modes

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of transportation.

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So we will have rail companies,
have inland waterway companies,

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and then of course
road transportation.

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So with that comes this
difficulty of coordination.

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So it's then having
a company that

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is going to be able to
manage that whole process

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from collection
potentially by roads

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transfer to rail or potentially
inland waterways, and then

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delivery to the final customer,
which again will likely

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be by road.

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So it's the coordination of
those legs of transportation.

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SUMEER CHAKUU: So would
the carbon footprint

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have a consequence on
selection of a particular type

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of transportation?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS: Oh
yeah, absolutely.

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Certainly at the moment, diesel
trucks are the most polluting.

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If we take air freight
out of the equation,

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then we have rail
and inland waterways,

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which are pretty similar.

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It very much depends then on
how the energy is produced

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for rail, whether it's
electric trains, whether it's

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diesel trains, for
example, but even then,

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when we have
electric trains, you

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have to think about how that
electricity has been produced,

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whether it's a nuclear power
station, whether it's a gas

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power station, or whether it's
through natural resources,

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such as wind or wave power.

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SUMEER CHAKUU: So
it directly implies

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that the logistics is
getting more and more

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environmental friendly
in the future isn't it?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS:
We're on a roll and I

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think we've certainly heard
in the news recently the fact

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that CO2 emissions
are increasing.

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We have the Paris
Agreement where companies

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trying to risk less than 2%.

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It's a big challenge.

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We have a scenario now in
America with President Trump

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saying he wants to walk away
from the Paris Agreement.

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So anything that any company
can do to restrict CO2 emissions

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has to help the
overall planet really.

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SUMEER CHAKUU: Now further
moving onward to our block

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three of this week where we
discuss the career options

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in logistics.

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So what do you think is
a good starting point

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to opt for a career
in logistics?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS:
That's a good question.

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And I think today there are
a lot more logistics based

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courses.

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And we see a lot of universities
providing those courses.

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I'd still like to see more
schools actually understand

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exactly what logistics
is about, and maybe even

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have a supply chain course
for kids in secondary school.

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In terms of how somebody
gets involved in logistics,

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then having a, certainly
an understanding of what

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logistics is about.

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So courses like this
one that we're running,

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where people can
get on board and see

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what logistics is about.

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There is a board game
called On the Move, which

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students, and pupils
can play, and again,

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get an interest in logistics.

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As for how a student, or
even a pupil at school

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gets involved in logistics
and the skills that they need,

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I would say one of the biggest
skills is being quite numeric.

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So being able to
deal with numbers.

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Then there's the aspect
of technology now.

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And I think more
students are likely to go

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into supply chain now because
of the advance in technology.

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SUMEER CHAKUU:
Thank you, Gwynne,

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for this thoughtful answer
for a starting point

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to opt for a career
in logistics.

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Now let's move on to a bit more
like a fundamental question

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regarding the advantages of
using certain type of logistics

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company.

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Nowadays we see that the
business model of the logistics

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companies is changing.

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And now we have third
party logistics,

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service providers mostly
used to deliver the goods.

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Do you see any advantage in
using third party logistics

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companies?

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GWYNNE RICHARDS: Absolutely.

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Third party logistics
companies are

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seen as some of the
experts in both warehousing

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and transportation.

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In terms of transportation,
what we also see

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is the opportunity for third
party logistics companies

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to deliver a number of
different companies products

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on the same vehicle, thus
sharing cost, and obviously,

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therefore reducing the number
of trucks on the roads.

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If you think about the companies
who deliver our parcels,

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Hermes Yodel, Federal
Express, United Parcels,

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all of those kinds
of companies provide

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a service where
they're delivering

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on behalf of a
number of both online

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and bricks and mortar retailers.

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So certainly using
those companies helps.

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Also there are situations where
some company logistics is not

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being a core competence
within the company,

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and therefore what
they are doing

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is utilising the expertise of
third party logistics companies

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to assist them in providing
an excellent service

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for their clients.

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SUMEER CHAKUU: So now moving
to the last block of this week,

00:12:19.320 --> 00:12:21.530 align:middle line:84%
which was regarding
warehouses, so what's

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the future of warehouses,
especially keeping in view

00:12:24.800 --> 00:12:26.160 align:middle line:90%
the people who work in them?

00:12:26.160 --> 00:12:28.760 align:middle line:90%


00:12:28.760 --> 00:12:32.250 align:middle line:84%
GWYNNE RICHARDS: OK, again,
an interesting question.

00:12:32.250 --> 00:12:35.240 align:middle line:84%
Certainly automation
and robotics

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is going to play
quite a role, I think,

00:12:38.150 --> 00:12:41.470 align:middle line:90%
in the future of warehousing.

00:12:41.470 --> 00:12:47.540 align:middle line:84%
Us as consumers require our
goods a lot quicker these days,

00:12:47.540 --> 00:12:53.330 align:middle line:84%
and therefore in order to
manage all of the orders coming

00:12:53.330 --> 00:12:57.440 align:middle line:84%
in from everybody
who orders online,

00:12:57.440 --> 00:13:01.070 align:middle line:84%
companies now have to
bring in automation.

00:13:01.070 --> 00:13:06.770 align:middle line:84%
Because just throwing
people at a job of work

00:13:06.770 --> 00:13:10.370 align:middle line:84%
within the warehouse
works up to a point.

00:13:10.370 --> 00:13:17.090 align:middle line:84%
But if we are to deliver on time
and in full to our customers

00:13:17.090 --> 00:13:20.210 align:middle line:84%
every single time,
then we need some form

00:13:20.210 --> 00:13:26.450 align:middle line:84%
of automation and technology
to help within the warehouse.

00:13:26.450 --> 00:13:29.510 align:middle line:84%
Going forward with
that, the potential

00:13:29.510 --> 00:13:34.700 align:middle line:84%
is the introduction of robotics
into the warehouse as well.

00:13:34.700 --> 00:13:37.700 align:middle line:84%
So we're starting
to see companies now

00:13:37.700 --> 00:13:43.370 align:middle line:84%
using forms of
robots, robots that

00:13:43.370 --> 00:13:47.940 align:middle line:84%
are being able to bring shelving
to a person who will still pick

00:13:47.940 --> 00:13:52.580 align:middle line:84%
the item from the shelf down
to robotic arms, which are

00:13:52.580 --> 00:14:00.170 align:middle line:84%
able to pick items and put them
into a box for onward delivery

00:14:00.170 --> 00:14:02.400 align:middle line:90%
to the customer.

00:14:02.400 --> 00:14:05.540 align:middle line:84%
I suppose the issue
going forward with this

00:14:05.540 --> 00:14:09.080 align:middle line:84%
is what do we do with
the people that we

00:14:09.080 --> 00:14:13.210 align:middle line:84%
are going to be replacing
within the warehouse itself?

00:14:13.210 --> 00:14:16.700 align:middle line:84%
And that is going to be a
big moral question I think

00:14:16.700 --> 00:14:20.500 align:middle line:90%
for companies in the future.

00:14:20.500 --> 00:14:23.510 align:middle line:84%
It's certainly going to be
a big challenge, I think,

00:14:23.510 --> 00:14:24.960 align:middle line:90%
going forward.

00:14:24.960 --> 00:14:26.510 align:middle line:84%
SUMEER CHAKUU: So
when you already

00:14:26.510 --> 00:14:32.630 align:middle line:84%
mentioned what is the impact
of automation and robotics

00:14:32.630 --> 00:14:38.330 align:middle line:84%
on warehouse, as we will be
using robots and robot arms

00:14:38.330 --> 00:14:41.150 align:middle line:84%
and so on and so
forth, will it directly

00:14:41.150 --> 00:14:43.490 align:middle line:84%
have a direct
impact in the design

00:14:43.490 --> 00:14:48.570 align:middle line:84%
of the warehouses, the way in
which warehouses are designed?

00:14:48.570 --> 00:14:50.450 align:middle line:84%
GWYNNE RICHARDS:
Potentially, yes.

00:14:50.450 --> 00:14:54.710 align:middle line:84%
If we're going to use automation
with a lot of cranes and things

00:14:54.710 --> 00:14:58.405 align:middle line:84%
like that, we could build
the warehouses higher,

00:14:58.405 --> 00:15:01.160 align:middle line:84%
and utilise less land,
which is becoming

00:15:01.160 --> 00:15:04.160 align:middle line:84%
very expensive and
infact at the moment,

00:15:04.160 --> 00:15:07.970 align:middle line:84%
companies are now thinking about
actually building warehouses

00:15:07.970 --> 00:15:11.880 align:middle line:84%
underground because
of the cost of land.

00:15:11.880 --> 00:15:15.890 align:middle line:84%
So potentially then using
automation and robotics

00:15:15.890 --> 00:15:21.380 align:middle line:84%
might help in terms of the
environments underground,

00:15:21.380 --> 00:15:25.730 align:middle line:84%
and using that
kind of technology

00:15:25.730 --> 00:15:28.700 align:middle line:84%
rather than having
lots of people working

00:15:28.700 --> 00:15:31.130 align:middle line:84%
in an underground
environment, which might not

00:15:31.130 --> 00:15:40.105 align:middle line:84%
be so conducive to work and
health potentially, I suppose.

00:15:40.105 --> 00:15:42.470 align:middle line:84%
SUMEER CHAKUU: Thank you very
much for your time, Gwynne

00:15:42.470 --> 00:15:43.820 align:middle line:90%
and for your input.

00:15:43.820 --> 00:15:47.900 align:middle line:84%
And dear learners, that's
it for this week's round up.

00:15:47.900 --> 00:15:51.244 align:middle line:84%
Please check it
out for next week.

00:15:51.244 --> 00:15:52.660 align:middle line:84%
GWYNNE RICHARDS:
Thanks very much.

00:15:52.660 --> 00:15:54.221 align:middle line:84%
SUMEER CHAKUU:
Thank you very much.

00:15:54.221 --> 00:15:56.470 align:middle line:84%
GWYNNE RICHARDS: Good luck
to everybody on the course.

00:15:56.470 --> 00:15:57.040 align:middle line:90%
Thank you.

00:15:57.040 --> 00:15:59.180 align:middle line:90%
SUMEER CHAKUU: Yeah, thank you.

00:15:59.180 --> 00:16:03.264 align:middle line:90%