WEBVTT

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[MUSIC PLAYING]

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HELEN TRUBY: So if
we think about what

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controls your appetite, is
it physiological, simply

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physiological, or does your
mind actually play a role in it

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as well?

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It has to be a
combination of the two.

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Obviously, your
body's physiology

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does what it's going to do, and
in terms of your gut hormones

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and things, then you are
going to have a sensitivity

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to those gut hormones.

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We know that people
who are obese

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compared to people who are lean
seem to respond differently

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to those gut hormones, indeed.

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And that might, as
we've discussed,

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might not help people who
are already overweight

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maintain weight loss.

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Your mind is also
important in the fact

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that we know that people
eat in certain situations.

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So some people who,
for instance, might

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be regarded as emotional
eaters will eat for comfort,

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or they will eat
in circumstances

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where they perhaps eat far
too much than they need to.

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And indeed, they know
that they don't need

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to eat that amount of food.

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So understanding
ourselves as well,

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understanding our mind,
what triggers us to eat,

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what triggers us not
to eat, is really

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part of that process of learning
about how you as an individual

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are going to be able
to manage your weight.

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In our work with children
who are overweight,

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we often talk to them about
feeling hungry and trying

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to cue them into signals
when they're actually hungry.

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And children who are overweight
and have been overweight

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for a long time will often say
they either always feel hungry

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or they never feel hungry.

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They simply eat, because
food's in front of them,

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or there's seemingly
a right time to eat.

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So there are aspects of being
able to get more in tune

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with your actual appetite
and satiety mechanisms.

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We don't entirely understand
how best to do that,

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but we do know that
once people lose weight,

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they seem to regain
some kind of sensitivity

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to understanding those
signals about when they've

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had enough too eat or not.

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So some of it is
certainly physiological,

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but there is probably a large
element of psychology around it

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as well in people being
able to reprogram themselves

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as to what's an
appropriate amount to eat

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and when to eat it.

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And also, our environment is
such an obesogenic environment.

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We're always surrounded by food.

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We're never more than 20
paces from a vending machine,

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for instance, and it's very
difficult in that environment

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to actually have some kind
of restraint around food.

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And I think we
often need to learn

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to have some kind of
restraint, but obviously,

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not become over-restrained,
so we're not eating enough,

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but restraint can be
functional in an environment

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where we simply would all
become overweight if we

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ate everything we wanted to.

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So other things that can
affect you feeling hungry

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is the form of the food that
you're having your nutrient in.

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So in terms of if we eat
solid food, such as a steak,

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for instance, or
a piece of cheese,

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that's going to stay in
our stomachs for longer,

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and therefore, it helps
us feel fuller for longer.

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When we have our
meals, such as drinks,

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so if, for instance, we were
taking a meal replacement,

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we would find that
that potentially

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leaves our stomach quicker,
and therefore, people

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might feel a bit more hungry,
and they seek more solid food.

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So some of the diet
drinks that people use are

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quite effective in terms of
maintaining or helping people

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lose weight, and
indeed, we have evidence

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that people who stick
to those do just

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as well as anyone else who
sticks to any other diet.

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But some people find
them harder to do.

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